Central Asia: Turkmenistan
About Turkmenistan
Annexed by Russia between 1865 and 1885, Turkmenistan became a Soviet republic in 1925. It achieved its independence upon the dissolution of the USSR in 1991. President NIYAZOV retains absolute control over the country and opposition is not tolerated. Extensive hydrocarbon/natural gas reserves could prove a boon to this underdeveloped country if extraction and delivery projects can be worked out.
| Vital Statistics | |
| Capitol City: | Ashgabat |
| Population: | 4,603,244 (July 2001 est.) |
| Percent below poverty: | 58% (1999 est.) |
| Language: | Turkmen 72%, Russian 12%, Uzbek 9%, other 7% |
| Date of independence: | 27 October 1991 (from the Soviet Un |
| Form of government: | republic |
| Title of Leader: | President and Chairman of the Cabin |
| Natural Resources: | petroleum, natural gas, coal, sulfur, salt |
| Environmental Issues: | contamination of soil and groundwater with agricultural chemicals, pesticides; salination, water-logging of soil due to poor irrigation methods; Caspian Sea pollution; diversion of a large share of the flow of the Amu Darya into irrigation contributes to |
| Agricultural Products: | cotton, grain; livestock |
| Imports: | machinery and equipment 60%, foodstuffs 15% (1999) |
| Exports: | gas 33%, oil 30%, cotton fiber 18%, textiles 8% (1999) |
| Trading Partners: | IMPORTS: Ukraine, Turkey, Russia, Germany, US, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan EXPORTS: Ukraine, Iran, Turkey, Russia, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Azerbaijan |
Turkmenistan Headlines
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