South America: Peru
About Peru
After a dozen years of military rule, Peru returned to democratic leadership in 1980. In recent years, bold reform programs and significant progress in curtailing guerrilla activity and drug trafficking have resulted in solid economic growth.
| Vital Statistics | |
| Capitol City: | Lima |
| Population: | 27,483,864 (July 2001 est.) |
| Percent below poverty: | 49% (1994 est.) |
| Language: | Spanish (official), Quechua (official), Aymara |
| Date of independence: | 28 July 1821 (from Spain) |
| Form of government: | constitutional republic |
| Title of Leader: | President |
| Natural Resources: | copper, silver, gold, petroleum, timber, fish, iron ore, coal, phosphate, potash, hydropower |
| Environmental Issues: | deforestation (some the result of illegal logging); overgrazing of the slopes of the costa and sierra leading to soil erosion; desertification; air pollution in Lima; pollution of rivers and coastal waters from municipal and mining wastes |
| Agricultural Products: | coffee, cotton, sugarcane, rice, wheat, potatoes, plantains, coca; poultry, beef, dairy products, wool; fish |
| Imports: | machinery, transport equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum, iron and steel, chemicals, pharmaceuticals |
| Exports: | fish and fish products, copper, zinc, gold, crude petroleum and byproducts, lead, coffee, sugar, cotton |
| Trading Partners: | IMPORTS: US 32%, EU 21%, Andean Community 6%, Mercosur 8%, Japan 5% (1999) EXPORTS: US 29%, EU 25%, Andean Community 6%, Japan 4%, Mercosur 3% (1999) |
Peru Headlines
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