North America: Guatemala
About Guatemala
Guatemala was freed of Spanish colonial rule in 1821. During the second half of the 20th century, it experienced a variety of military and civilian governments as well as a 36-year guerrilla war. In 1996, the government signed a peace agreement formally ending the conflict, which had led to the death of more than 100,000 people and had created some 1 million refugees.
| Vital Statistics | |
| Capitol City: | Guatemala |
| Population: | 12,974,361 (July 2001 est.) |
| Percent below poverty: | 60% (2000 est.) |
| Language: | Spanish 60%, Amerindian languages 40% (more than 20 Amerindian languages, including Quiche, Cakchiquel, Kekchi, Mam, Garifuna, and Xinca) |
| Date of independence: | 15 September 1821 (from Spain) |
| Form of government: | constitutional democratic republic |
| Title of Leader: | President |
| Natural Resources: | petroleum, nickel, rare woods, fish, chicle, hydropower |
| Environmental Issues: | deforestation; soil erosion; water pollution; Hurricane damage |
| Agricultural Products: | sugarcane, corn, bananas, coffee, beans, cardamom; cattle, sheep, pigs, chickens |
| Imports: | fuels, machinery and transport equipment, construction materials, grain, fertilizers, electricity |
| Exports: | coffee, sugar, bananas, fruits and vegetables, cardamom, meat, apparel, petroleum, electricity |
| Trading Partners: | IMPORTS: US 42.8%, Mexico 9.9%, Japan 4.8%, El Salvador 4.3%, Venezuela 3.8% (1998) EXPORTS: US 51.4%, El Salvador 8.7%, Honduras 5%, Costa Rica 3.4%, Germany 2.7% (1998) |
Guatemala Headlines
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